The systematic work on hornbills of Sri Lanka, started with the inception of the Zoological Survey of Sri Lanka: Avifaunal Survey conducted by the National Science Foundation (then NARESA), with the financial support from the SAREC. In the final report submitted in 1992, a set of maps of distribution of Hornbill species was included, with a distribution comparison to that of Legge (1880), virtually a century ago. It revealed a drastic recession in both their distribution and abundance.

A status report was sent to the Asian Hornbill Network in 1992, and it was recognized as the country report for the First International Hornbill Workshop held in Bangkok, 1992. As a result of the above workshop, a hornbill research project was initiated by the name of Hornbill Project Sri Lanka, with the prime objective to conserve the hornbills and their habitats. The outcomes of these research activities were represented the subsequent Second and the Third Hornbill workshops held in 1996 and 2001 respectively.

With expansion of the knowledge and expertise, and the increase in need, the Hornbill Project Sri Lanka has now planned a multidisciplinary, two-year research programme to obtain more qualitative and quantitative data on ecology and biology of the hornbills.